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What is liquid cooling solution? 

Liquid cooling, also known as water cooling, is the use of a specially designed system to transfer heat away from a computer’s components. Through a series of tubes and blocks, a cooling liquid is being circulated which directly contact the hot components and effectively dissipating the heat. 

What are the benefits of liquid cooling solution? 

The liquid cooling solution can reduce operational expenses by up to 40% and enhance the efficiency of data centers by lowering their PUE. Large-scale implementations of liquid cooling are demonstrated in order to empower data center operators to install cutting-edge CPUs and GPUs for optimal performance. 

1. Reduction in Electricity Costs for the Entire Data Center by up to 40% 

By increasing energy efficiency, liquid cooling systems can help reduce the overall electricity costs of a data center. It can dissipate heat more efficiently than traditional air-cooling method, which can lead to lower power consumption for cooling infrastructure. By maintaining optimal operating temperatures for servers and other hardware components, liquid cooling can help reduce the overall energy consumption of the data center. 

2. Reduction in Data Center Server Noise by up to 55% 

Liquid cooling solutions can give rise to a quieter data center environment by reducing the noise generated through cooling fans in servers. Due to lower reliance on fans for heat dissipation, the use of liquid cooling technology in data centers can operate more quietly, which allow a reduction in noise pollution and a more comfortable working environment for personnel 

3. Reduction in Electricity Costs of Cooling Infrastructure in Servers by up to 89% 

With the use of liquid cooling systems, the electricity expenses related to the cooling infrastructure within servers can be lessened. By efficiently transferring heat away from components through liquid channels, these systems can reduce the workload on internal fans and cooling mechanisms. This results in lower power consumption by individual servers, thereby helping save energy and potentially extending the lifespan of server hardware through the maintenance of low operating temperatures. 

World-Class Rack Manufacturing Facility 

Type of liquid cooling rack scale design 

1.  AL/LLM Rack	2. Enterprise rack	3. High density HPC rack
SRS-48UGPU-SKU1-L1-SMCI	SRS-48UBTW-SKU1-L1-SMCI	SRS-48UBLD-SKU1-L1-SMCI
Up to 8 GPU Servers per 48U Rack	Up to 76 server nodes / 19 systems in a 48U Rack	Up to 80 server blades / 4 systems in a 48U Rack

How does it work?

1. Direct-to-Chip		2. Immersion cooling		3. Rear door heat exchanger
Through a closed-loop system, cold liquid is circulated over a running chip by using the CPU cooling method. Heat is transferred from the chip to a cold plate via a thermal transfer material, where the liquid flows and absorb heat. The liquid then carries the heat away to be cooled on other sites before returning to the chip. A pump, which is crucial for liquid circulation, enhances the flow efficiency by being placed directly on the chip. Cooling can be achieved by air-cooling the liquid using in-rack cooling distribution units (CDUs) at different rack levels or by pumping the hot liquid to an external system for chilling. This can optimize cooling efficiency while maintaining compute density.		Immersion cooling is a viable option in environments without adequate traditional data center infrastructure. This method involves submerging entire servers in a non-conductive and non-corrosive liquid, which directly cools the systems. Warmer liquid rises when it absorbs heat which facilitates cooling. The heated liquid is then extracted and refrigerated separately. This enables efficient heat dissipation in confined spaces and protect the electronic components from heat. It also enables effective cooling without the need for extensive data center infrastructure.		For scenarios where data centers face limitations in modifying existing infrastructure for direct-to-chip cooling, a tailored rear door solution can be integrated into racks housing heat-intensive servers. This specialized system cools hot air that is released from server backs immediately. The customized door incorporates a cooling system and fans to remove heat, recirculating cooler air into the data center. Compare with to other cooling approaches, the heated coolant necessitates refrigeration before being cycled back to the door, which allow efficient temperature regulation within constrained data center settings.

Supermicro Systems Available with Liquid Cooling 

4U 8GPU SYS-421GE-TNHR2-LCC 4U 8GPU AS-4125GS-TNHR2-LCC	8U 20N SuperBlade ® SBI-421E-1T3N	8U 8GPU SYS-821GE-TNHR  8U 8GPU AS-8125GS-TNHR	1U MGX ARS-111GL-NHR-LCC	2U system with quad AMD InstinctTM MI300A APUs: AS 2145GH-TNMR
2U system with quad Intel® Xeon® CPUs: SYS-241E-TNRTTP	2U2N Big Twin® SYS-2221BT-DNTR	2U4N BigTwin® SYS-221BT-HNTR	1U Hyber SYS-121H-TNR 1U Hyper AS-1125HS-TNR	2U Hyber SYS-221H-TNR 2U Hyper AS-2125HS-TNR
2U Hyber SYS-221H-TNR 2U Hyper AS-2125HS-TNR	4U 4GPU SYS-421GU-TNXR	4U PCIe GPU SYS-421GE-TNR 4U PCIe GPU AS-4125GS-TNRT	4U8N FatTwin® SYS-F511E2-RT	4U4N FatTwin® SYS-F521E3-RTB

Application 

Data Centers: Manage the heat generated by high-performance servers, CPUs, and GPUs.

High-Performance Computing (HPC): Handling intensive computational tasks.

Industrial Applications: Used as cooling power electronics, laser systems, and other equipment that generate significant heat.

Automotive Industry: Regulate the temperature of batteries and electric motors. 

Medical Imaging: Utilized in medical imaging equipment such as MRI machines and CT scanners to prevent overheating. 

Telecommunications: Manage heat dissipation and maintain system reliability.